Annual Gift Tax Exclusion：年度赠与税豁免
Technique to allow gifts without the imposition of estate or gift taxes and without using lifetime exclusion.
允许在没有遗产税或赠与税的情况下赠与礼物给他人，也不需要使用终生豁免额。
Children’s or Grandchildren’s Irrevocable Education Trust：
子女或孙子女的不可撤销教育信托
A Trust used by parents and grandparents for a child’s or grandchild’s education.
父母和祖父母用于子女或孙子女教育的信托
Charitable Remainder Interest Trust：慈善余剩权益信托
A trust whereby donors transfer property to a charitable Trust and retain an income stream from the property transferred. The donor receives a charitable contribution income tax deduction, and avoids a capital gains tax on transferred property.
捐赠人将财产转让给慈善信托，并保留从已转让财产中获得收入来源的信托。捐赠人获得慈善捐赠所得税的减免，并避免对转让财产征收增值税。
Family Limited Partnership：家庭有限合伙
An entity used to:
该实体可以：
- Provide asset protection for partnership property from the creditors of a partner
为合伙财产提供资产保护，使其不受合伙人债权人的侵害
- Provide protection for limited partners from creditors
为有限合伙人提供债权人保护
- Enable gifts to children and parents maintaining management control
父母在保持合伙企业的监管控制的同时可以对子女进行赠与
- Reduce transfer tax value of property
降低财产的转让税价值
Federal Estate Tax：联邦遗产税
A tax levied by the federal government upon the estate of a deceased person. The federal government gives certain exclusions and deductions and then taxes everything above a set level.
联邦政府对死者遗产征收的一种税。联邦政府对死者遗产给予一定的豁免和扣除额，然后对超过一定数量的所有遗产征税。
Fractional Interest Gift：部分利益赠与
Allows a donor to transfer partial interests in real property to donees and obtain fractional interest discounts for estate and gift tax purposes.
允许捐赠者将不动产的部分权益转让给受赠人，并获得用于遗产税和赠与税目的的部分利息折扣。
Funding：出资
Is the process that entails transferring assets you own as an individual into the name of your Trust.
是将您拥有的资产作为个体转移到您的信托名下的过程。
Generation Skipping Tax：隔代税务豁免
This is a tax levied on assets that are given to individuals who are more than one generation away from the donor. An example would be a grandparent giving an asset to a grandchild either during the grandparent’s life or at death. Effective use of generation-skipping exemption allows the assets to avoid estate tax inclusion in the child’s taxable estate.
这是一种对个人资产征收的税，这些个人与捐赠人相隔一代人以上。一个例子是祖父母在世或去世时将一项资产赠与孙子。有效使用隔代税务豁免，可以使资产避免纳入子女的应纳税遗产。
Guardianship/Conservatorship：监护/监管
Is a court-supervised proceeding which names an individual or entity to manage the affairs of an incapacitated person. A guardianship may also include the duty to care for the incapacitated person.
是通过法院指定个人或实体管理无行为能力人的事务的监督程序。监护也可包括照顾无行为能力人的义务。
Health Care Power of Attorney：医疗保健授权委托书
Instrument used to allow a person you name to make health care decisions for you should you become incapacitated.
如果您失去行为能力，这份文件可以使您指定的人为您做出医疗决定。
Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust：不可撤销的人寿保险信托
A Trust used to prevent estate taxes on insurance proceeds received at the death of an insured.
此信托用于防止在被保险人死亡后对其保险收益征收遗产税。
Joint Tenancy：联名共有
When property is held in joint tenancy with rights of survivorship by two or more people, upon the death of one of the owners, all of his or her interest in the property is transferred immediately to the surviving owners.
当财产由两名或两名以上的人以联权共有方式拥有生存者取得权时，在其中一名所有者离世后，他/她对该财产的所有权益立即转移给在世的所有者。
Living Will：生前遗嘱/医嘱指令
Sometimes called a physician’s directive, is a document in which you give directions for life sustaining treatment should you become unable to communicate your wishes. Some states have combined this into the advanced health care directive.
有时被称为医嘱指令，如果您在生命的某些阶段已经无法传达您的意愿，您可以提前在这份文件中给出是否持续治疗的指示。一些州已将其纳入高级医保指令 (advanced health care directive)。
Pour Over Will：注入遗嘱
Is used first to name a guardian for minor children. Second, it protects against intestacy in the event any assets have not been transferred into the Trust at the death of the Trustor/Owner. Its function is to “pour” any assets left out of the Trust into it so they are ultimately distributed according to the terms of the Trust.
首先用于为未成年子女指定监护人。其次，如果委托人/所有人去世时有任何资产没有转移到信托，它可以防止无遗嘱死亡情况下的分配问题。它的功能是将信托之外的所有资产“注入”信托中，以便最终根据信托条款进行分配。
Private Foundation：私人基金会
An entity used by higher-wealth families to receive charitable income, gift, or estate tax deduction while allowing the family to retain some control over the assets in the foundation.
高资家庭用来接受慈善收入、赠与或遗产税减免的实体，同时允许家庭保留对基金会资产的部分控制权。
Probate：遗产认证
Is the court procedure used to change title to assets from the name of an individual who has passed away into the name of the beneficiaries. It is also where all creditors of a decedent file claims to collect their debts and where interested parties can “contest” the Will. An individual who passes away with a Will or no estate plan will go through this process.
将财产所有权从过世的个人的名下变更到受益人名下的法院程序。在这里，所有被继承人的债权人都可以要求收回他们的债务，相关各方也可以对遗嘱提出“异议”。一个人去世时如果有遗嘱或者没有遗产规划，都会经历这个过程。
Property Power of Attorney：财产授权委托书:
Instrument used to allow an agent you name to manage your property.
用于允许您指定的代理人管理您的财产的文件。
Revocable Living Trust：可撤销的生前信托
A device used to avoid probate and provide management of your property, both during life and after death.
一种用于避免遗产认证并在生前和离世后对您的财产进行管理的工具。
State Estate or Inheritance Tax：州遗产税或继承税
A state estate tax is a tax levied by a state government upon the estate of a deceased person. It is levied in much the same way as the federal estate tax. A state inheritance tax is a tax levied by a state government that varies depending upon the relationship of the inheritor to the deceased person. Nearly half the states have a separate state estate or inheritance tax which kicks in at a lower level than that of the federal government.
州遗产税是州政府对死者遗产征收的税。它的征收方式与联邦遗产税的征收方式大致相同。州继承税是州政府征收的一种税，根据继承人与死者的关系而变化。将近一半的州拥有单独的州遗产税或继承税，其税率低于联邦政府。
Step-up in Basis：纳税基数
A step-up — or step-down — in basis is an adjustment for income tax purposes to an asset’s fair market value at the date of the death of the owner of the asset. For example, if you bought a share of stock for $100 that increased in value to $500 at the time of your death, your tax basis was $100 but increases to $500 at the time of death.
增加或减少基数是在资产所有者死亡时出于所得税的目的将资产调整至其公平的市场价值的过程。例如，如果您以100美元的价格购买了一部分股票，在您去世时价值增加到500美元，那么您的税基为100美元，但在死亡时增加到500美元。
Trustee：受托人
The person or entity in charge of the assets in a Trust. While you are alive, you may act as Trustee. For married couples, either one or both spouses may act as Trustee or co-Trustees. The successor Trustee is an individual or corporation fiduciary whom you designate to be in charge of your Trust in the event of disability or upon death.
负责管理信托资产的个人或实体。当您在世时，您可以担任受托人。对于已婚夫妇，夫妇一方或双方均可担任受托人或共同受托人。继承人受托人是您指定的个人或公司受托人，在您残疾或死亡时负责管理您的信托。
Will：遗嘱
A legally enforceable declaration of how a person wishes his or her property to be distributed after death. In a Will, a person can also recommend a guardian for his or her children.
一个人希望他或她的财产在死后如何进行财产分配的具有法律效力的声明。在遗嘱中，逝者也可以为他/她的孩子推荐一位监护人。